Autophagy is a natural process that occurs in cells where old, damaged or unwanted cellular components are degraded and recycled. This process involves the formation of a double-membrane structure called an autophagosome, which engulfs the target material and delivers it to the lysosome for degradation. Autophagy is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis, and it plays a critical role in various physiological processes such as development, differentiation, and response to stress.
Autolysis :-
On the other hand, autolysis is a form of self-digestion that occurs when cells undergo pathological changes or die. During autolysis, the lysosomal enzymes that are normally involved in autophagy are released from the lysosomes and begin to digest the cellular components. Autolysis can occur in various pathological conditions such as ischemia, trauma, and infection, and it can lead to tissue damage and cell death.
